% while Loops while循环

Rust also has a while loop. It looks like this:

Rust同样有while循环，它看起来这样：

let mut x = 5; // mut x: i32
let mut done = false; // mut done: bool

while !done {
    x += x - 3;

    println!("{}", x);

    if x % 5 == 0 {
        done = true;
    }
}

while loops are the correct choice when you’re not sure how many times you need to loop.

while循环是当你不确定你需要循环多少次时的正确的选择。

If you need an infinite loop, you may be tempted to write this:

如果你需要无限循环，你可能视图这样写：

while true {

However, Rust has a dedicated keyword, loop, to handle this case:

然而，Rust有一个用来处理这个案例的专门的关键词，loop:

loop {

Rust’s control-flow analysis treats this construct differently than a while true, since we know that it will always loop. In general, the more information we can give to the compiler, the better it can do with safety and code generation, so you should always prefer loop when you plan to loop infinitely.

Rust的控制流分析系统对待这个结构不同于while true，因为我们知道它总是循环。通常情况下，我们能够给到编译器的信息越多，编译器安全操作和代码生成就做的越好，所以，当你计划使用无限循环时，你应该总是偏爱loop。

Ending iteration early 及早结束迭代

Let’s take a look at that while loop we had earlier:

让我们看一下前面已经有的while循环：

let mut x = 5;
let mut done = false;

while !done {
    x += x - 3;

    println!("{}", x);

    if x % 5 == 0 {
        done = true;
    }
}

We had to keep a dedicated mut boolean variable binding, done, to know when we should exit out of the loop. Rust has two keywords to help us with modifying iteration: break and continue.

我们不得不保持一个专门的mut布尔变量绑定，done，来确认什么时候我们应该跳出循环。Rist有两个关键词来帮助我们修改迭代：break和continue。

In this case, we can write the loop in a better way with break:

在这个案例中，我们可以使用break以一种更好的方式写这个循环：

let mut x = 5;

loop {
    x += x - 3;

    println!("{}", x);

    if x % 5 == 0 { break; }
}

We now loop forever with loop and use break to break out early.

我们可以使用loop永远循环，并且使用break来及早打断跳出循环。

continue is similar, but instead of ending the loop, goes to the next iteration. This will only print the odd numbers:

continu 类似，然而不同于结束循环，它会进入到下次迭代中。这将只打印偶数：

for x in 0..10 {
    if x % 2 == 0 { continue; }

    println!("{}", x);
}

Both continue and break are valid in both while loops and for loops.

continue和break对while循环和for循环同样有效。